The Short of It: 

Non-action is the best teacher, yet few can teach it.  

tree buffalo horns

43. Universal Use. 

The weakest things in the world will gallop over the strongest. The non-existent enters into (all things) without any crevice (can penetrate the impenetrable). And I by this understand how useful non-action is. Silent teaching, passive usefulness, -few in the world attain to this. 

Laozi, John Chalmers. The Speculations on Metaphysics, Polity, and Morality, of “the Old Philosopher,” Lau-tsze, Translated from the Chinese, with an Introduction by J. Chalmers. United Kingdom: Trübner, 1868.


43. ‘ The Universal Use.’

43.1 The softest thing in the world dashes against and overcomes the hardest; that which has no (substantial) existence enters where there is no crevice. I know hereby what advantage belongs to doing nothing (with a purpose). 

43.2 There are few in the world who attain to the teaching without words, and the advantage arising from non-action. 

Lao-tze. Legge, James. The Sacred Books of China: The Texts of Tâoism. United Kingdom: Clarendon, 1891.


43. Its Universal Application. 

43.1 The world’s weakest overcomes the world’s hardest. 

43.2 Non-existence enters into the impenetrable. 

43.3 Thereby I comprehend of non-assertion the advantage. There are few in the world who obtain of non-assertion the advantage and of silence the lessons. 

Lao-tze. Suzuki, D.T. and Carus, Paul. The Canon of Reason and Virtue: Lao-tze’s Tao Teh King. United States: Open court publishing Company, 1913.


tree buffalo and dude swirling together in a yin yang

See Chapters 36 and 37 for more on non-action.

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